Abstract:With the rapid development of society and economy, the growth of electricity consumption has become one of the important indicators to measure the level of regional economic development. This article focuses on the analysis and simulation of electricity consumption in the South China region, utilizing NPP-VIIRS nighttime light remote sensing data combined with the least squares method to establish a linear model for electricity consumption. Through the spatial-temporal analysis of electricity consumption in South China from 2013 to 2022, this study reveals the distribution characteristics of electricity consumption from the grid to the city level, highlighting the close relationship between electricity consumption and regional economic development. The research shows that the established linear model demonstrates high accuracy in estimating electricity consumption, effectively reflecting the rapid economic growth and strong demand for electricity in the South China region. Additionally, this paper analyzes the trends of electricity consumption across different temporal scales, providing a scientific basis for the optimal allocation of energy and the effective distribution of electricity resources in the South China region. This is significant for promoting balanced economic development between regions and enhancing energy efficiency.