Abstract:Smart grid, as a new trend in the development of power system, the problem of information security is becoming more and more prominent. This paper discusses in depth the theory and technology of smart grid security data visualisation and artificial intelligence analysis, and is committed to realising the intelligence and optimisation of power grids through innovative technologies. This paper first analyses the background of smart grid technology development and the information security challenges it faces, and then explores the key role of data visualisation and artificial intelligence in risk assessment and management. On this basis, a scheme integrating data visualisation and AI in-depth analysis techniques is proposed, aiming to enhance the sensitivity and response accuracy of grid security monitoring. The study innovatively integrates data science, information security and human-computer interaction technologies to provide a comprehensive solution for smart grid security management. By constructing a comprehensive security analysis framework, it significantly improves the smart grid''s ability to accurately identify potential risks, optimises preventive measures, enriches the theoretical foundation of smart grid security management, and provides a feasible technical path for practical application