Abstract:To accurately track the carbon flow trajectory in the energy system of industrial enterprises and formulate an effective carbon reduction operation strategy, this paper uses the Newton-Raphson iterative method in polar coordinates considering network loss to establish a power flow steady-state model, which is used to analyze the active power flow state of each node and branch in the system and the impact of network loss on system performance. In addition, the historical energy consumption data was modeled by regression analysis to determine the carbon emission intensity vector of coal-fired power generation units. Furthermore, a system carbon flow analysis model was established, and the carbon flow rate of each branch, load, and network loss, as well as the carbon potential of each node, were analyzed by using the dependence between carbon flow and system power flow. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a 5-machine 14-node demand response model was constructed for an industrial enterprise using the IEEE 14-node system. Through simulation analysis, the carbon emission intensity of each energy consumption link of the enterprise was studied, and the accurate tracking of carbon flow was realized. Finally, in order to optimize the operation strategy of the energy system of industrial enterprises, two measures were adopted: the installation of carbon capture device and the implementation of in-situ reactive power compensation, and the effectiveness of these measures in reducing the carbon emission of the system was verified by simulation experiments.