Abstract:Currently, numerous real tower tests have been conducted by domestic design researchers. However, most of these tests primarily focus on verification of the overall bearing capacity of the tower, with limited attention given to comparing and analyzing the internal forces of key stress components under test loading in relation to theoretical calculations. Many comparative analysis studies show a significant discrepancy between the test results and the theoretically calculated values obtained through finite element analysis. In view of this, this paper studies the comparison method between the theoretical calculation and the actual test results of key stress components, analyzes the distribution characteristics of stress and strain of different types of components, proposes a comparison method of internal forces, which converts measured strain values into corresponding internal force values, then compares them with theoretically calculated internal force values obtained through finite element analysis, and finally obtains a more satisfactory result. This approach holds great significance in enhancing the application value of test results, aiding designers in gaining deeper insights into structural force transmission mechanisms, and further optimizing structural design.