Abstract:In order to balance the transmission of power resources and give full play to the advantages of power grid deployment, the overall analysis of power grid characteristics is particularly critical. At present, Most of the researches on power big data are user-oriented, such as operation, inspection and maintenance. There is a gap in the research of transmission line analysis for equipment characteristics. However, the state of transmission line equipment is closely related to external data such as users, economy and environment. Therefore, this paper considers both internal and external factors of transmission line equipment, a theoretical framework of transmission line portrait model with external factors is proposed and the corresponding portrait model is obtained, The influence degree of each factor and circuit state is determined by correlation analysis and correlation matrix is constructed, the regression model is established by multivariate factor analysis, finally, the results of its correlation analysis are reified through portrait analysis technology, forming a visual power transmission line equipment portrait. It provides reliable and efficient data support and analysis basis for power grid planning, operation and maintenance management and decision-making services.